The biotic components of an ecosystem include all living organisms such as plants, animals, and microorganisms. These biotic factors interact with each other and with abiotic factors (non-living components) to form complex ecosystems. In this context, biotic refers to anything that is alive or related to life processes, from the smallest microorganisms to large organisms like humans.
Understanding biotic factors is crucial in fields such as ecology, conservation biology, and environmental science. For example, biotic interactions like competition, predation, and symbiosis are fundamental in maintaining ecological balance. In contrast, biotic stressors—such as the introduction of invasive species—can disrupt ecosystems and lead to imbalances in biodiversity.
As we move towards more sustainable and holistic approaches to conservation, biotic studies help researchers design strategies that focus not only on protecting individual species but also on preserving the complex web of interactions that sustain life on Earth. The study of biotic factors is integral to ensuring the health of the planet and understanding the impact of human activity on the natural world.